Blockchain technology has recently been proposed not only as a tool for decentralized finance but as a potential substrate for modeling cognitive processes and even consciousness. This paper explores the concept of “blockchain consciousness” — a theoretical framework in which a distributed ledger system simulates aspects of conscious experience. We review philosophical foundations of consciousness simulation and draw parallels between blockchain networks and neural or cognitive networks.

Methods: involve a conceptual analysis aligning blockchain features (distributed nodes, consensus mechanisms, immutable memory) with elements of consciousness identified in cognitive science and philosophy of mind.

Results: We propose a model wherein blockchain nodes act analogously to neurons or agents, consensus represents a unified subjective state, and the immutable ledger serves as a persistent memory of “experiences.” This model is examined against criteria like integrated information and global workspace theory. Key findings suggest that while blockchains can emulate certain structural and functional aspects of a mind (such as distributed processing and consensus-driven state updates), achieving genuine conscious experience remains speculative.

Discussion: We interpret these findings in light of philosophical debates on artificial consciousness, acknowledging the benefits of transparency and trust that blockchain-based AI systems could offer alongside fundamental challenges (e.g. the hard problem of subjective experience). We conclude that a blockchain-based approach to simulating consciousness provides a provocative new paradigm that blurs traditional boundaries between technology and mind, warranting further interdisciplinary research despite substantial open questions about its feasibility and authenticity.